Lutter contre le stéréotype. Les efforts pour positiver l'image des tsiganes dans la mentalité des Roumains au XIXe siècle

Résumé (en anglais)

The representations of Gypsies in the French and the Romanian literature of the nineteenth century are part of a romantic cultural movement. Since the oldest images, the characters of fairy tales and the ballets, to novel that offers them various perspectives, the Gypsy is noted for its exoticism, being a figure of otherness. The images of Gypsies in the Romanian literary texts from the early nineteenth century and especially in the decades from 1830 to 1860 sustain the hypothesis of a subversive character. The Gypsy woman is chosen to speak the social truth, being a face of misery but also a symbol of change and of progress in the cultural movement led by the generations of pro-Western intellectuals. She is one of the voices of the oppressed and gradually becomes a figure of revolt. In the same period that the Gypsy is everywhere in the French romantic arts, she also appears in the first texts of the Romanian authors. This proves the French influence on the young Romanian generation. It also shows a synchronization between the two literatures, the result of the extraordinary efforts made by this elite formed almost entirely in France.